Our sun is the source of life on Earth. Human exposure to sunlight assists in the manufacturing of natural Vitamin D, which promotes the absorption of calcium and helps make our bones strong. But the amount of sunlight necessary to produce Vitamin D is actually minimal, so it’s important to understand the risks of sun exposure and learn about essential sun safety tips.
The common wisdom of a ‘sun-kissed healthy glow’ is a dangerous misunderstanding of the risks that prolonged, cumulative exposure to sunlight represents. When it comes to sun exposure, it’s much better to err on the side of safety. There are many simple and affordable ways to protect kids from the negative effects of the sun, and keeping these in mind will reduce the effects of long-term exposure and the pain and discomfort of an acute sunburn.
Here are a few sun safety reminders for kids and grownups alike:
UVA and UVB
The sun emits radiation which is comprised of ultraviolet light spectra that are categorized as UVA and UVB. UVA light passes straight through Earth’s protective ozone layer and provides most of our sun exposure. UVB, although less prominent, is just as dangerous as UVA rays when it comes to contributing to premature skin aging, eye damage (including cataracts), and skin cancers. When it comes to sunscreen, you’ll want to be sure you’re choosing broad-spectrum protection for preventing sunburn and sun damage.
Chill Out in the Shade
Yes, the best way to avoid dangerous exposure is to stay in the shade. Look for shady spots at the lake or pool and stay under the umbrellas/sunshades as much as possible. Even in the backyard, make sure kids are shaded whenever possible when playing outside. And of course, regularly and liberally applying the proper sunscreen is critical.
It’s also best to avoid sun exposure during times when the sun is at its most intense, usually between 10 AM and 4 PM. It’s cooler earlier and later in the day too. Remember that harmful sun exposure can happen even on ‘cloudy’ days since UV rays are so powerful.
Dress for the Occasion
Clothing provides excellent protection from the sun! Shirts and pants of tightly-woven material are best, and darker colors absorb UV rays better, keeping them away from the skin. Are you having trouble keeping a long-sleeved shirt and pants on your child? You can feel better knowing that any protection beats no protection. A t-shirt or cover-up provides a layer of safety as well.
Protect Their Heads
A hat made with thick fabric helps protect little heads from too much sun exposure. A hat with a nice wide brim is even better since it covers the face, ears, and neck too. If the hat doesn’t cover your child’s ears and neck though, be sure to apply sunscreen.
Don’ Neglect their Eyes
Protect kid’s eyes with sunglasses which provide filtering of both UVA and UVB rays. Wraparound glasses that cover the sides are best. They look cool too!
Always Wear Sunscreen
Any discussion of sun protection must include sunscreen, as it’s a must-have for helping to protect any exposed skin from harmful sunlight. Face it, keeping pants, shirts, and hats on kids at the pool is a losing proposition. So slather on the sunscreen!
Here’s what to know about sunscreen:
- Sunscreens and lotions scatter and absorb harmful UV sunlight. However, they must cover all exposed areas to do their work.
- SPF is ‘Sun Protection Factor.’ Sunscreen is available with various SPF ratings. The CDC recommends an SPF of at least 15, and broad spectrum (effective for both UVA and UVB rays). The American Academy of Dermatology recommends an SPF of at least 30.
- Read sunscreen application instructions carefully to understand the specifics for application and reapplication according to the sun and weather conditions. Major sun exposure, swimming, and sweating will all affect the effectiveness of sunscreens — even those that are water-resistant.
Medications
Certain medications affect our skin’s sensitivity to sunlight. Common ones include some acne medications for teenagers and antibiotics for all of us. Medications that affect sun sensitivity will have warnings in their instructions, so be sure to read them for meds your kids are taking. Your doctor can answer any questions as well.
Check the Weather Report
When planning a day outdoors, it’s always a good idea to check the forecast. Often, it will include a UV Index that gives you an idea of the expected intensity of sunlight for the day.
Got a Sunburn?
If your kiddo ends up getting too much sun, cool them off in a cool bath as soon as possible. Applying aloe vera to the affected areas will help reduce any pain or discomfort. For kids over two years, you can apply 1% hydrocortisone to help relieve itching and pain. Ibuprofen or acetaminophen may also be given for pain and discomfort. Apply moisturizer to rehydrate skin. If you’re concerned about your child’s sunburn, and especially if blistering occurs, be sure to consult your doctor.
Summertime brings many opportunities for fun in the sun. These sun safety tips will help prepare you and your kids for all the fun summer days, but you’ll also want to be vigilant about limiting your little ones’ sun exposure. Nothing ruins a family vacation quite like a bad sunburn on the first day. Be safe out there!
If you have any questions, please give us a call at 912-871-HUGS (4847).
Related Resources
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Sun Safety-Skin Cancer
KidsHealth: Sun Safety
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Sun Safety